Overall, the poster includes 430 herbicides which have been classified by 16 mechanisms of action and 119 chemical families. Atrazine is a widely used herbicide utilized for the control of broadleaf and grassy weeds in corn, sorghum, rangeland, sugarcane, macadamia orchards, pineapple, turf grass sod, asparagus, forestry grasslands, grass crops, and roses. Atrazine 4l herbicide controls many annual and broadleaf grass weeds. Classification of herbicides according to mechanism. It is used to safely control annual broadleaf and grass weeds in cornfields, sugarcane fields, and turfs. Atrazine is the most widely used herbicide in texas corn and grain sorghum production. Do not apply when frost is still on the ground or when ground conditions are excessively wet. Atrazine weed killer msds apply in to litres of water per hectare when the crop has 2 true leaves but is not more than 6cm high. Most of the soils from illinois used in this research were provided by mark bernards, western illinois university. As a result, it is subject to field loss for a longer time period. In these documents, the agency assessed whether pesticide products containing atrazine as an active ingredient.
Atrazine is a triazine herbicide, which is a different class of chemistry to organochlorine insecticides. Decision documents for atrazine combined pdf document consists of the following. Atrazine s primary manufacturer is syngenta and it is one of the most widely used herbicides in us and australian agriculture. Diagnosing and preventing herbicide injury to trees. Every year, atrazine is applied to tens of millions of acres of corn grown in the united states, making it one of the worlds most widely used agricultural chemicals grube, et al. Application flexibility allows for aatrex 4l to be applied preplant surface, preplant incorporated, preemergence, or postemergence. Preemergence herbicide programs for corn ag professional. A powerful, lowcost herbicide, atrazine is also the subject of persistent controversy.
Atrazine is a selective systemic herbicide of the chlorotriazine class, used for the control of annual broadleaf and grassy weeds worthing, 1991. Atrazine s effectiveness and safety is well documented throughout the united states and around the world, with nearly 7,000 scientific studies conducted on the product. Where weed pressure is light, a march application of atrazine with cropoil concentrate and 2,4d or dicamba can control winter annual weeds such as mustards and marestail and provide control of most germinating weeds up to planting. Acetochlor and atrazine are being found in minnesotas surface water and groundwater. Disclaimer views and ideas expressed in this presentation do not. Herbicides provide a convenient, economical, and effective way to control weeds. Herbicides, also typically referred to as weedkillers, are chemical substances used to control undesirable flora. Atrazine is a triazine herbicide, which is a different class of chemistry to. Atrazine is a frequently used herbicide used on corn, soybeans, sorghum, sugar cane, pineapple, pine trees, other crops and as a nonspecific herbicide on industrial sites. See additional precautionary statements and directions for use inside booklet. Nonselective herbicides kill or injure all plants present if applied at an adequate rate. Herbicide activity can be either selective or nonselective.
Precautionary statements hazards to humans and domestic animals caution causes moderate eye irritation. This chart groups herbicides by their modes of action to assist you in selecting herbicides 1 to maintain greater diversity in herbicide use and 2 to rotate among effective herbicides with different sites of action to delay the development of herbicide resistance. Herbicides for establishing switchgrass in the central and. It is used to prevent pre and postemergence broadleaf weeds in crops such as maize corn and sugarcane and on turf, such as golf courses and residential lawns. If not breathing, give artificial respiration, preferably mouthtomouth.
Atrazine is an important herbicide for warmseason grass crops, such as corn, sorghum, and sugarcane, because it is economical, has a flexible use pattern, has a long residual period, has good crop safety, and is highly effective against a broad spectrum of weeds. Atrazine frequently asked questions what is atrazine. See label for list of crops atrazine 4l can be used on. Atrazine 4l is a restricted use postemergent and preemergent herbicide formulated by drexel chemical company. If mixing with other herbicides, add the concentrates to the water in the spray tank one at a time. In australia, atrazine is used to control weeds in summer crops such as sorghum, maize and sugarcane, and it is also widely used in western australia for control of weeds in lupin and triazine tolerant tt canola. Atrazine can leach downward through the soil profile and enter groundwater used as drinking water. Environmental fate of herbicides and atrazine degradation. Contact herbicides kill best the plant elements contacted by way of the chemical, in whichas systemic herbicides are absorbed by the roots or foliage and translocated throughout the plant. It is also serves as an excellent tank mix partner.
Herbicides triazine family atrazine provides excellent control of most broadleaf weeds and is commonly used as a supplement to one of the grass herbicides discussed. Atrazine is a member of the triazine chemical class, which includes simazine and propazine. Triazine herbicides such as atrazine and cyanazine are not tightly adsorbed to surface crop residue, allowing rainfall to wash intercepted herbicide into the soil. Herbicide activity can be both selective and nonselective. It is of particular concern to water supplies due to its popularity, relatively long half life 60 to 100 days and because it is not strongly absorbed by soil koc 100. In addition, there is a perapplication maximum of no more than 1. Key crops in which atrazine containing herbicides are used include maize, sorghum and sugarcane, with some other minor uses of local importance. The chlorosis is attributed to the effect of these chemicals on photosynthetic processes 1 fig. Epa adopts aggressive measures on herbicide atrazine approach ensures protection of nations most vulnerable drinking water sources. It is important that pesticide applicators know which herbicide products contain these active ingredients. Atrazine application rates atrazine applications for corn are restricted to a maximum of 2. Apply in to litres water per hectare with a recommended grass herbicide at the appropriate rate. Atrazine is a selective systemic herbicide that can be used both before and after the emergence of a crop or tree to control grass and broadleaf weeds.
It is primarily used in agriculture with the greatest use on corn, sorghum, and sugarcane. Although atrazine is usually applied to the soil surface immediately after seeding, it can also be soil incorporated if. Many agricultural herbicide prepack products containing atrazine are listed below. Introduction to weeds and herbicides penn state extension.
Memorandum of agreement pdf 36 pp, 2 kb, about pdf guidance letter for formulators of enduse products containing atrazine pdf 8 pp, 95 kb, about pdf january 31, 2003 press release. Selective herbicides are used to kill weeds without significant damage to desirable plants. Atrazine 4l may be applied before or after weeds emerge. Diagnosing and preventing herbicide injury to trees bruce r. Atrazine 4l herbicide will control most annual broadleaf and grass weeds in corn, sorghum, sugarcane and certain other crops as specifiedon this label. Environmental fate of herbicides and atrazine degradation in illinois. The active ingredient, atrazine will kill weeds as seeds or kill emerged weeds through the root system.
Add sentry atrazine 90df to spray tank first and thoroughly mix with water. Atrazine ingredients used in pesticide products us epa. Classification of herbicides according to mechanism of action, chemical family, and herbicide group. Cyanazine was also used extensively in corn and cotton until 2002. Chemical weed control also is a primary method of vegetation. A separate experiment was conducted in eastern nebraska to determine if there were any differences among switchgrass ecotypes for herbicide tolerance to the optimal herbicide. Atrazine is a preemergence and postemergence herbicide for control of many annual broadleaf and some grass weeds in corn. Atrazine is a common component of many preplant and preemergence herbicide premixes for corn. Atrazine is a widely used herbicide that can be applied before and after planting to control broadleaf and grassy weeds. Refer to the gramoxone extra label for the appropriate rates to utilize in this tank mixture. Herbicides market by type analysis glyphosate, atrazine. For more than half a century, atrazine has been a mainstay of corn, sorghum and sugar cane farmers for its proven control of a broad range of destructive weeds.
Safety glasses with side shields or goggles and rubber gloves should be worn when handling product. In some vulnerable areas, there are risks of these chemicals exceeding health or environmental standards. This product may be applied before or after weeds emerge. To that end, in its october 2003 atrazine interim reregistration eligibility decision ired 323 pp, 1. Water quality best management practices for atrazine. Atrazine is also used extensively in chemical fallow cropping systems in rotations involving corn, sorghum, and wheat. It also is often found as an active ingredient in many weedandfeed products available for home lawn and commercial turfgrass weed control. On october 31, 2003 epa issued a revised ired for atrazine. Atrazine wg herbicides kenso australia sweep up the material and place in a labeled container, or the original container, and seal for later disposal or use. Maximum rates for syngenta products containing atrazine appear in the table on the front of this guide.
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